So what are the kind of so, I have done a safety study, I have done an energy study.
Now, I know what is a safety requirement, I know what is an energy requirement for my
building. So, there is an options available you have an online coating and offline coated
products. So, how do I know what are the parameters I have to test in the performance of the glass.
Like I have a perform like I have a requirement for safety testing. What is the requirement
for a performance glass testing? What are performance have to test? So, ideally you
have to test the visible light transmittance, solar direct transmittance, solar direct reflectance
or which is ideally called help shoot calculate your shading devices.
So, these are the 3-4 values which you are supposed to measure for any coated glass.
We just a manufacturer is been declared, but again there are laboratories outside where
we can send the samples which is been tested to understand the performance values declared
by the manufacturer. Plus there are few other durability test which has to be done for this
kind of high performance glasses, which is your condensation resistance test for the
coated glasses. Acid resistance or a salt spray analysis which helps you to understand
the durability of the testing. And, there are some kind of abrasion resistant test because,
the glass has to pass through lot of value addition whether, it can be a processing or
even after processing if it is a single glazing there is a provision for the glass to go through
a cleaning process at the site after installation. So, do the coatings or durable enough to take
such kind of abrasion resistance. So, these are the kind of durability test which has
to be tested before the product being coming out of the factory. But, even after
it been launched as a end user we also has a provision to test this products in the
third party laboratories. So, there are some portions in NBC refers
specific to glass which is on the fire and life safety. So, there is a transparent fire
protection and the fire resistance glazing system which is available.
So, under part 4 and life safety what it gives a basic a direction is, it helps you
to understand what are the kind of fire resistance glass available in the market. So, that you
will be a wise you can make a wise decision in selecting; what kind of fire resistance
glass I have to use based on the location and application. So, there are the some basics
like wired glass which is not recommend to use in a bigger format. It can be very simple
view panel as a part of your dose because, it does not has an impact resistance. And,
it is quite of a banned product in many part of the world. There are annealed fire resistance
glass where a different material, different basic composition is used to make this glass
or coating has been used. There are tempered fire resistance glass where
it has the dual property of both fire and resistance to human impact. So, since I I
can refer you to the safety glass required for the building which ideally means a tempered
safety glass. So, here if the fire resistance glass can be tempered then it improves the
efficiency of the product. So, it can address both fire and it have both the human impact.
And, there are products in the market which is used an intumescent layer between the glasses
as a gel which helps to fire which helps to resist the fire or which going to fight
with the fire for just stipulated time of 30 minutes or 60 or 90 or 120 minutes.
And even there are now double glazed fire resistance glasses available. So, for an example
in your project it comes the part of your external facade. So, you will no need to compromise
on the colour or shade because, of the fire resistance glass. The fire resistance glass
can be double glazed with the current coated glass. So, that for aesthetics it still remains
the same, but functionally it going to be a fire resistance application glass.
So, incase of fire resistance the key parameter is the the glass alone cannot perform, it
has to be the entire assembly. So, NBC part 4 very clearly says glass or glass assembly
or the testing or the test document that I am going to get it as a customer has to be
very precisely mentioning few of the details. Like it has to it has to give the what is
the kind of application this glass has been tested for. Whether it has been tested for
a single door or a double door or a sliding or a partition wall; it has to be very clearly
mentioned in the test reports. What are the list kind and dimensions of hardware
used for testing and what is the profile I have been used for my section. Because, here
the fire resistant glass during a huge fire will have an due to the higher temperature
there is a chances of expansion and contraction happens to the glass. So, the system I am
going to use should have the provision to hold the glass firmly for the entire fire
rater timeline, whether it can be 30, 60, 90 or 120 as per the requirement.
Then the entire report should carry the gaskets I used to the locking system use, the opening
provisions I have has to be listed in your system. So, to recap fire resistance product
means it is not a one single element, it has to be tested as a system. Here a system I
mean it is glass, frame and all other accessories include your sealant, your hardwares which
is part of the execution has to be tested and it has to get recorded in your test reports.
So, there are 3 kinds of products available which you can which you call it as stability
which is ideally the E category product which has a tendency to stop the fire and smoke.
There is a next category which is called integrity which is EW which has a resistance or which
has a provision to stop the fire, smoke and the thermal heat transfer that happens through
the glass. We know glass u values are quite higher and when the glass temperature on one
side is going to be increasing the heat transfer that happens through the glass it will be
very high. So, the second category which is been there
which helps you to even cut the kind of thermal heat that transfer happens from the basic
version. The third version which is called the insulation as a name indicate it is a
complete insulation. So, the non fire side even even even we can have a provision or
we can imagine to touch the glass in non fire side. Ideally it mean it can block the fire,
smoke and the thermal heat transfer. So, these are the basic 3 types of fire rated products
which is been identified or listed in the NBC or the referring standards NBC in referring
standards which helps you to identify based on the location and the type and the kind
of a product you can use. So, just to have a small brief about we
have gone through the glass. Similar, like in fire how the systems are important respect
to the glazing also, the systems are very important.
Because, it has to go through a different kinds of a test or the design requirement.
Start form the loading condition which the frames are been designed for, start from the
wind load or for the earthquake or for the the panel dead load and the live load. So,
all this has to be designed has to be considered during the design phase to to define the cross
section of your members. Or we need to understand what is the deflection and the allowable stresses
permitted for both the glass and the frames. What kind of movement is been designed for
whether, it is been have a provision to move for horizontal during earthquake.
Or it has a provision to move vertical during the heavy higher wind speed or during high
deflection of your glass. Whether, the frame have the tendency to adopt towards it or what
kind of impact reason the frame also can understand. What kind of acoustic possibility that can
be introduced into the current system. And, what kind of energy savings even through
the frame because, a traditional box sections are very poor in your u value. But, today's
there are thermal brake system which is available which can help you to reduce amount
of heat coming in; not only from the glass even for the system.
So, to to understand glass and system together again there should be list of testings available.
What we are saying the the initial of the section is how to test the glass as an individual
element whether on the processing, whether on the performance. Now, I will help you understand
what are the kinds of testing has to be done as a system. It can be a structural stability
or the overall energy impact glass and system, what kind of visual values can be measured.
Resistance to fire, acoustic air infiltration or the leakages through for air and water
has to be tested. Because, it is going to be the envelope of your building.
So, to recap what we have covered in the section; NBC 2016 as a new section called glass
and glazing which has a section 8 which comes under part 6 structural design. So, the section
is which is new and it has huge detail, it is a vast detail been covered in this.
What we have taken you through the session today is to have a to give you the content
or to give an idea what is covered into the overall NBC. Very precisely this this this
portion of the session will help you to understand how to design or how to select glass for a
building. And then what is the kind of testing requirement
for the glass again and glass for the systems so, or the glazing division. To recap again
on the glazing side there is 3 important parameters which has to be understood, which is a light
transmittance, which is a solar factor, which is u value of the glass. The 3 important energy
parameter which has to be understood and identified based on the orientation of the building,
window wall ratio of the building or with a occupation of the building. Second is a
safety requirement, very important where you have to understand the criticality of the
location. Whether, it is a vertical glazing, sloped
glazing or skylight or a overhead glazing or it going to use the glass floors. Based
on the kind of usage or the criticality the kind of safety requirements are defined. As
per the NBC the safety glass means, it is called toughened safety glass or it can be
laminated safety glass. So, we know the 3 parameters for energy and we know how to do
the safety measurement. And, then we should be able to be in the position to understand
how to design the building for fire resistance; and, how to select or check or identify the
design for structural safety, for the both glass and glazing divisions .